Twig Components / Methods / cache

cache is a Twig tag to tell Twig to cache a template fragment.

New in version 3.2¶

The cache tag was added in Twig 3.2.

{% cache "cache key" %}
    Cached forever (depending on the cache implementation)
{% endcache %}

If you want to expire the cache after a certain amount of time, specify an expiration in seconds via the ttl() modifier:

{% cache "cache key" ttl(300) %}
   Cached for 300 seconds
{% endcache %}

The cache key can be any string that does not use the following reserved characters {}()/\@:; a good practice is to embed some useful information in the key that allows the cache to automatically expire when it must be refreshed:

• Give each cache a unique name and namespace it like your templates;
• Embed an integer that you increment whenever thetemplate code changes (to automatically invalidate all current caches);
• Embed a unique key that is updated whenever thevariables used in the template code changes.

For instance, I would use

{% cache "blog_post;v1;" ~ post.id ~ ";" ~post.updated_at %}

to cache a blog content template fragment where blog_post describes the template fragment, v1 represents the first version of the template code, post.id represent the id of the blog post, and post.updated_at returns a timestamp that represents the time where the blog post was last modified.

Using such a strategy for naming cache keys allows to avoid using a ttl. It's like using a "validation" strategy instead of an "expiration" strategy as we do for HTTP caches.

If your cache implementation supports tags, you can also tag your cache items:

{% cache "cache key" tags('blog') %} 
    Some code 
{% endcache %}

{% cache "cache key" tags(['cms', 'blog']) %} 
    Some code 
{% endcache %}

The cache tag creates a new "scope" for variables, meaning that the changes are local to the template fragment:

{% set count = 1 %}

{% cache "cache key" tags('blog') %} 
    {# Won't affect the value of count outside of the cache tag #} 
    {% set count = 2 %}
    Some code 
{% endcache %}

{# Displays 1 #} 
{{ count }} 

Note¶

The cache tag is part of the CacheExtension which is not installed by default. Install it first:

$ composer require twig/cache-extra

On Symfony projects, you can automatically enable it by installing the twig/extra-bundle:

$ composer require twig/extra-bundle

Or add the extension explicitly on the Twig environment:

use Twig\Extra\Cache\CacheExtension;

$twig = new \Twig\Environment(...); 
$twig->addExtension(new CacheExtension());

If you are not using Symfony, you must also register the extension runtime:

use Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\FilesystemAdapter; 
use Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\TagAwareAdapter; 
use Twig\Extra\Cache\CacheRuntime; 
use Twig\RuntimeLoader\RuntimeLoaderInterface

$twig->addRuntimeLoader(new class implements RuntimeLoaderInterface{ 
    public function load($class) {
        if (CacheRuntime::class === $class) {
            return new CacheRuntime(new TagAwareAdapter(new FilesystemAdapter())); 
        } 
    } 
});

Source: Twig